COACHING: IDEOLOGICAL ORIGINS IN THE PROJECTION OF PERSONALITY FORMATION

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problem of coaching, which at the beginning of the XXI century was widely recognized in Ukraine, in particular in the field of education. The purpose of the article is to determine ideological origins of coaching in order to better understand its philosophy and use it as an effective tool for personality formation.
It is stated that in the Ukrainian scientific and social discourse this problem is presented in a rather fragmentary way. In foreign science, many special studies are devoted to it, which are interdisciplinary (in the fields of sports, business, management, education, etc.) and mostly popular science. The authors emphasize that there is still no thorough comprehensive study of the problem of origin and history of the formation and development of coaching, as this problem is mainly covered by experts in various fields of knowledge from their narrow positions. In the Ukrainian scientific and pedagogical discourse of coaching, a rather simplified model and a "narrowed" scheme of understanding the problem of the origin and formation of coaching has been established. Researchers emphasize the figure of the "founder" of modern coaching - California tennis coach, Harvard University professor W. Timothy Gallwey, who set out his cornerstone ideas in the book "The Inner Game of Tennis" and his several other bestsellers.
Based on the analysis of updated sources on this issue, it was concluded that the clearest and most fundamental influence on the development of the philosophy of coaching was made by four ideological teachings and systematic practices of the past and present. These are: Socratic methods of dialogue; humanistic direction of psychotherapy; D. Goleman’s works in the field of emotional intelligence; methods of well-known sports coaches. Analyzed theories of well-known foreign scientists in a broad historical retrospective show how sports coaching, having accumulated millennial experience of Eastern and Western cultures in physical and spiritual improvement, has transformed itself into a modern phenomenon of coaching.